N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, etinyere ngwa nke lanthanide reagents na njikọ organic ka emepụtara site na mmali na oke.N'ime ha, achọpụtara na ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ maka lanthanide nwere catalysis nhọrọ doro anya na mmeghachi omume nke njikọ carbon-carbon;N'otu oge ahụ, achọpụtara na ọtụtụ lanthanide reagents nwere àgwà magburu onwe ya na mmeghachi omume oxidation organic na mmeghachi omume mbelata organic iji tọghata otu ọrụ.Ojiji ọrụ ugbo na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ mmezu nyocha sayensị nke nwere njirimara ndị China nwetara site n'aka ndị ọrụ sayensị na teknụzụ China mgbe ọtụtụ afọ rụsiri ọrụ ike, ma kwalitere ike dị ka ihe dị mkpa iji bulie mmepụta ọrụ ugbo na China.Carbonate ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na-adị mfe soluble na acid iji mepụta nnu kwekọrọ na carbon dioxide, nke enwere ike iji ya mee ihe nke ọma na njikọta nke nnu na ogige dị iche iche na-adịghị ahụkebe na-enweghị iwebata adịghị ọcha anionic.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike iji acids siri ike dị ka nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, na sulfuric acid meghachi omume iji mee nnu na-agbaze mmiri.Meghachi omume na phosphoric acid na hydrofluoric acid iji gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ phosphates na fluorides nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe.Meghachi omume na ọtụtụ acid organic iji mepụta ogige organic na-adịghị ahụkebe kwekọrọ.Ha nwere ike ịbụ cations dị mgbagwoju anya soluble ma ọ bụ anions dị mgbagwoju anya, ma ọ bụ ogige na-anọpụ iche na-adịchaghị soluble dabere na uru ngwọta.N'aka nke ọzọ, carbonate ụwa nke na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ike imebi ka ọ bụrụ oxides kwekọrọ na ya site na calcination, nke enwere ike iji ya mee ihe ozugbo na nkwadebe nke ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, mmepụta carbonate na-adịghị ahụkebe kwa afọ na China karịrị tọn 10,000, na-aza ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ngwa ahịa ụwa niile na-adịghị ahụkebe, na-egosi na mmepụta na ngwa nke carbonate ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na mmepe nke ụwa. ụlọ ọrụ na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa.
Cerium carbonate bụ ogige inorganic nke nwere usoro kemịkalụ nke C3Ce2O9, ịdị arọ nke 460, logP nke -7.40530, PSA nke 198.80000, isi ihe na-esi 333.6ºC na 760 mmHg, yana ebe ọkụ ọkụ nke 169.8ºC.N'ime mmepụta nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, cerium carbonate bụ ihe dị n'etiti maka nkwadebe ngwaahịa cerium dị iche iche dị ka nnu cerium dị iche iche na cerium oxide.Ọ nwere ọtụtụ ojiji a na-eji ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa ọkụ na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ụwa.The hydrated cerium carbonate crystal nwere ụdị ụdị lanthanite, na foto SEM ya na-egosi na ọdịdị bụ isi nke cerium carbonate kristal hydrated dị ka flake, na flakes na-ejikọta ọnụ site na mmekọrịta na-adịghị ike iji mepụta ihe dị ka petal, na ihe owuwu ahụ tọgbọrọ chakoo, yabụ n'okpuru arụ ọrụ nke ike n'ibu Ọ dị mfe ịjikọta ya n'ime obere iberibe.Carbonate cerium nke a na-emepụta na ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a nwere naanị 42-46% nke ngụkọta ụwa dị ụkọ mgbe akpọnwụchara, nke na-egbochi mmepụta nke cerium carbonate.
Otu ụdị oriri mmiri dị ala, ịdị mma kwụsiri ike, cerium carbonate emepụtara adịghị mkpa ka akpọnwụọ ma ọ bụ akpọnwụ ya mgbe ihicha centrifugal, na ngụkọta nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ike iru 72% ruo 74%, usoro ahụ dịkwa mfe na otu. usoro nzọụkwụ maka ịkwadebe cerium carbonate na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ụwa dị ụkọ.A na-anakwere atụmatụ teknụzụ ndị a: a na-eji usoro otu nzọụkwụ iji kwadebe cerium carbonate nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, ya bụ, ngwọta nri cerium nke nwere oke mkpokọta CeO240-90g / L na-ekpo ọkụ na 95 Celsius. ruo 105 Celsius C, a na-agbakwunye ammonium bicarbonate n'okpuru mkpali mgbe niile iji mee ka cerium carbonate na-ebuli ya.A na-edozi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ammonium bicarbonate ka ọnụ ahịa pH nke mmiri mmiri na-eri nri na-emesị gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ 6.3 ruo 6.5, na mgbakwunye mgbakwunye kwesịrị ekwesị ka mmiri mmiri na-edozi ahụ ghara ịpụ na mmiri.Ihe ngwọta nri cerium bụ opekata mpe otu cerium chloride aqueous solution, cerium sulfate aqueous solution ma ọ bụ cerium nitrate aqueous solution.Otu R&D nke UrbanMines Tech.Co., Ltd. na-anabata usoro njikọ ọhụrụ site na ịgbakwunye ammonium bicarbonate siri ike ma ọ bụ ngwọta ammonium bicarbonate mmiri.
Enwere ike iji cerium carbonate kwadebe cerium oxide, cerium dioxide na ihe ndị ọzọ nanomaterials.Ngwa na atụ bụ ndị a:
1. Otu iko violet na-egbochi glare nke na-etinye ike na ụzarị ultraviolet na akụkụ edo edo nke ìhè a na-ahụ anya.Dabere na ihe mejupụtara nke iko soda-lime-silica ise n'elu iko, ọ na-agụnye ihe ndị na-esonụ akụrụngwa na arọ pasent: silica 72 ~ 82% sodium oxide 6 ~ 15%, calcium oxide 4 ~ 13%, magnesium oxide 2 ~ 8% , Alumina 0 ~ 3%, ígwè oxide 0.05 ~ 0.3%, cerium carbonate 0.1 ~ 3%, neodymium carbonate 0.4 ~ 1.2%, manganese dioxide 0.5 ~ 3%.Ugogbe gbara ọkpụrụkpụ nke 4mm nwere nnyefe ọkụ a na-ahụ anya karịa 80%, nnyefe ultraviolet na-erughị 15%, na nnyefe na ogologo ogologo nke 568-590 nm na-erughị 15%.
2. Agba na-azọpụta ike endothermic, nke e ji mara na a na-emepụta ya site na ịgwakọta ihe na-emepụta ihe na ihe nkiri na-emepụta ihe, na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe site na ịgwakọta ihe ndị na-esonụ n'ime akụkụ dị arọ: 20 ruo 35 akụkụ nke silicon dioxide, na akụkụ 8 ruo 20 nke aluminum oxide., 4 ruo 10 akụkụ nke titanium oxide, 4 ruo 10 akụkụ nke zirconia, 1 ka 5 akụkụ nke zinc oxide, 1 ka 5 akụkụ nke magnesium oxide, 0,8 ka 5 akụkụ nke silicon carbide, 0.02 ka 0.5 akụkụ nke yttrium oxide, na 0.01 ruo 1.5 akụkụ nke chromium oxide.akụkụ, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ kaolin, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ nke obere ụwa ihe, 0.8-5 akụkụ nke carbon ojii, urughuru size nke ọ bụla akụrụngwa bụ 1-5 μm;N'ime ya, ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ụwa gụnyere 0.01-1.5 akụkụ nke lanthanum carbonate, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ cerium carbonate 1.5 akụkụ nke praseodymium carbonate, 0.01 ka 1.5 akụkụ nke praseodymium carbonate, 0.01 ka 1.5 akụkụ nke neodymium carbonate na 0.5 th 0.5. nitrate;ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri bụ potassium sodium carbonate;potassium sodium carbonate jikọtara ya na otu arọ nke potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate.Ngwakọta ịdị arọ nke ihe ndochi na ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri bụ 2.5: 7.5, 3.8: 6.2 ma ọ bụ 4.8: 5.2.Ọzọkwa, ụdị nkwadebe nke agba endothermic ike na-azọpụta bụ nke nwere usoro ndị a:
Nzọụkwụ 1, nkwadebe nke filler, buru ụzọ tụọ akụkụ 20-35 nke silica, akụkụ 8-20 nke alumina, akụkụ 4-10 nke titanium oxide, akụkụ 4-10 nke zirconia, na akụkụ 1-5 nke zinc oxide n'ịdị arọ. ., 1 ka 5 akụkụ nke magnesium oxide, 0.8 ka 5 akụkụ nke silicon carbide, 0.02 ka 0.5 akụkụ nke yttrium oxide, 0.01 ka 1.5 akụkụ nke chromium trioxide, 0.01 ka 1.5 akụkụ nke kaolin, 0.01 ka 1.5 akụkụ nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe ihe. 0.8 ruo 5 akụkụ nke carbon ojii, wee gwakọta ya na igwekota iji nweta ihe nkpuchi;N'ime ya, ihe ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe na-agụnye akụkụ 0.01-1.5 nke lanthanum carbonate, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ cerium carbonate, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ nke praseodymium carbonate, 0.01-1.5 akụkụ nke neodymium carbonate na 0.01-1.5 akụkụ nke promethium nit;
Nzọụkwụ 2, nkwadebe nke ihe nkiri na-emepụta ihe nkiri, ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri bụ sodium potassium carbonate;buru ụzọ tụọ potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate n'otu n'otu site n'ịdị arọ, wee gwakọta ha nke ọma iji nweta ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri;sodium potassium carbonate bụ Otu arọ nke potassium carbonate na sodium carbonate na-agwakọta;
Nzọụkwụ 3, ngwakọta ngwakọta nke ndochi na ihe nkiri dị arọ bụ 2.5: 7.5, 3.8: 6.2 ma ọ bụ 4.8: 5.2, na ngwakọta na-ejikọta ya n'otu n'otu ma gbasasịa iji nweta ngwakọta;
Na nzọụkwụ 4, a na-eji bọmbụ na-egweri ngwakọta maka awa 6-8, mgbe ahụ, a na-enweta ngwaahịa emechara site na ịgafe na ihuenyo, na ntupu nke ihuenyo bụ 1-5 μm.
3. Nkwadebe nke ultrafine cerium oxide: N'iji cerium carbonate hydrated dị ka ihe mbụ, ultrafine cerium oxide na nha nke etiti nke ihe na-erughị 3 μm bụ nke a kwadebere site na-egwe ọka ozugbo na calcination.Ngwaahịa niile enwetara nwere usoro fluorite cubic.Ka calcination okpomọkụ na-abawanye, urughuru size nke ngwaahịa mbelata, urughuru size nkesa na-narrower na crystallinity na-abawanye.Otú ọ dị, ike polishing atọ dị iche iche iko gosiri a kacha uru n'etiti 900 ℃ na 1000 ℃.Ya mere, a kwenyere na mwepụ nke ihe ndị dị n'elu iko n'oge usoro polishing na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na nha nha, crystallinity na ọrụ elu nke ntụ ntụ na-egbuke egbuke.