Ihe ndabere na ọnọdụ izugbe
Ihe ndị dị ụkọ n'ụwabụ bọọdụ ala nke IIIB scandium, yttrium na lanthanum na tebụl oge.E nwere l7 ọcha.Ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ihe pụrụ iche nke anụ ahụ na kemịkal ma ejiri ya mee ihe na ụlọ ọrụ, ọrụ ugbo na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.Ịdị ọcha nke ogige ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na-ekpebi kpọmkwem njirimara pụrụ iche nke ihe.Ịdị ọcha dị iche iche nke ihe ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ike ịmepụta ihe seramiiki, ihe fluorescent na ihe eletrọnịkị nwere ọrụ dị iche iche chọrọ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, na mmepe nke teknụzụ mmịpụta ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, ogige ụwa dị ọcha nke na-adịghị ahụkebe na-enye atụmanya ahịa dị mma, yana nkwadebe nke ihe ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na-arụ ọrụ dị elu na-ebute ihe ndị dị elu chọrọ maka ogige ụwa dị ụkọ.Ngwakọta cerium nwere ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe, yana mmetụta ya n'ọtụtụ ngwa metụtara ịdị ọcha ya, ihe anụ ahụ na ọdịnaya adịghị ọcha.N'ime nkesa ihe ndị dị n'ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, cerium na-akpata ihe dịka 50% nke ihe ọkụkụ dị obere n'ụwa.Site na ngwa ngwa na-abawanye nke cerium dị ọcha, ihe achọrọ nke ndepụta ọdịnaya ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ogige cerium dị elu ma dị elu.Cerium oxidebụ ceric oxide, nọmba CAS bụ 1306-38-3, usoro ihe omimi bụ CeO2, arọ molecular: 172.11;Cerium oxide bụ oxide kwụsiri ike nke cerium cerium dị ụkọ.Ọ bụ ihe siri ike na-acha odo odo na-acha odo odo ma na-agba ọchịchịrị mgbe ọkụ.A na-eji cerium oxide eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ihe ndị na-egbuke egbuke, ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, ntụ ntụ na-egbuke egbuke, mkpuchi UV na akụkụ ndị ọzọ n'ihi arụmọrụ ya dị mma.N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọ kpalitere mmasị nke ọtụtụ ndị nchọpụta.Nkwadebe na arụmọrụ nke cerium oxide aghọwo ebe nyocha n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.
Usoro mmepụta
Usoro 1: kpalie na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ, tinye sodium hydroxide ngwọta nke 5.0mol / L na cerium sulfate ngwọta nke 0.1mol / L, gbanwee pH uru karịa 10, na mmeghachi omume mmiri ozuzo na-ewere ọnọdụ.A na-awụsa sedimenti ahụ, jiri mmiri deionized sachaa ọtụtụ oge, wee kpoo ya na oven 90 ℃ maka awa 24.Mgbe egweri na nzacha (ihe na-erughị 0.1mm), a na-enweta cerium oxide ma tinye ya n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ maka nchekwa akara.Usoro 2: Were cerium chloride ma ọ bụ cerium nitrate dị ka akụrụngwa, na-edozi uru pH na 2 na mmiri amonia, na-agbakwunye oxalate na-eme ka cerium oxalate, mgbe ikpo ọkụ, ọgwụgwọ, nkewa na ịsa, ihicha na 110 ℃, wee na-ere ọkụ na cerium oxide na 900. ~ 1000 ℃.Enwere ike nweta cerium oxide site na ikpokọta ngwakọta nke cerium oxide na carbon ntụ ntụ na 1250 ℃ na ikuku carbon monoxide.
Ngwa
A na-eji Cerium Oxide maka mgbakwunye nke ụlọ ọrụ iko, ihe na-egweri efere efere, ma gbasaa ya na iko egweri, anya anya anya, kinescope, ịcha ọcha, nkọwa, iko radieshon ultraviolet na nnabata nke waya eletrọnịkị, na ihe ndị ọzọ.A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe mgbochi na-atụgharị anya maka oghere anya ugogbe anya, a na-ejikwa cerium mee cerium titanium odo iji mee ka iko ahụ na-acha odo odo.Igwe ikuku oxidation nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na kristal na njirimara nke ceramik iko na sistemụ CaO-MgO-AI2O3-SiO2.The nnyocha pụta na-egosi na mgbakwunye na nke kwesịrị ekwesị ọxịdashọn n'ihu bara uru iji melite nkọwa mmetụta nke iko mmiri mmiri, kpochapụ egosipụta, mee ka iko Ọdịdị kọmpat, na melite n'ibu Njirimara na alkali iguzogide ihe.Ọnụ ego kachasị mma nke cerium oxide bụ 1.5, mgbe a na-eji ya na seramiiki glaze na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị dị ka piezoelectric seramiiki penetrant.A na-ejikwa ya na-emepụta ihe na-eme ihe dị elu, ihe mkpuchi gas oriọna, ihuenyo fluorescent X-ray (nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-egbuke egbuke).A na-eji ntụ ntụ cerium polishing na-adịghị ahụkebe eme ihe na igwefoto, oghere igwefoto, tube foto TELEVISION, oghere, na ihe ndị ọzọ.Enwere ike iji ya na ụlọ ọrụ iko.Enwere ike iji cerium oxide na titanium dioxide ọnụ mee ka iko edo edo.Cerium oxide maka iko decolorization nwere uru nke arụmọrụ kwụsiri ike na oke okpomọkụ, ọnụ ala dị ala na enweghị nnabata nke ìhè a na-ahụ anya.Na mgbakwunye, a na-agbakwunye cerium oxide na iko a na-eji n'ụlọ na ụgbọ ala iji belata nnyefe nke ìhè ultraviolet.Maka mmepụta nke ihe ọkụkụ na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ụwa, a na-agbakwunye cerium oxide dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ na phosphor nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ejiri ihe ọkụ ọkụ na-echekwa oriọna na phosphor na-eji na-egosi na ihe nchọpụta radieshon.Cerium oxide bụkwa akụrụngwa maka nkwadebe nke cerium ọla.Na mgbakwunye, na ihe semiconductor, pigmenti ọkwa dị elu na ihe mmetụta enyo enyo, ejirila ihe na-asachapụ ikuku akpaaka.Ihe na-akpali akpali maka nchacha ụgbọ ala na-abụkarị nke seramiiki ebu (ma ọ bụ ígwè) ebu na mkpuchi elu arụ ọrụ.Ihe mkpuchi a na-arụ ọrụ na-agụnye nnukwu akụkụ nke gamma-trioxide, ọnụ ọgụgụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke oxides nke na-eme ka ebe dị elu, na ígwè nwere ọrụ catalytic gbasasịrị n'ime mkpuchi ahụ.Iji belata ọnụ ahịa Pt, Rh onunu ogwu, ịbawanye usoro onunu ogwu nke Pd dị ọnụ ala, belata ọnụ ahịa nke ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ibelata ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha n'okpuru ebumnuche nke arụmọrụ dị iche iche, nke a na-ejikarị Pt.Pd.Mgbalite mkpuchi mkpuchi ternary catalyst Rh, na-abụkarị usoro imikpu iji gbakwunye ụfọdụ cerium oxide na lanthanum oxide, mejupụtara mmetụta catalytic ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe dị mma.Ihe na-akpali akpali metal dị oké ọnụ ahịa.A na-eji Lanthanum oxide na cerium oxide dị ka ihe inyeaka iji kwalite arụmọrụ nke ¦ A-Alumina na-akwado ihe ndị na-eme ka ọla mara mma.Dị ka nyocha ahụ si kwuo, usoro catalytic nke cerium oxide na lanthanum oxide bụ tumadi iji melite ọrụ catalytic nke mkpuchi na-arụ ọrụ, na-emegharị ikuku-mmanu na catalysis na-akpaghị aka, ma melite nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ na ike ígwè nke onye na-ebu ya.